The influence of wealth on fairness considerations is analyzed in a series of ultimatum game experiments where proposers and receivers are given large and widely unequal initial endowments. Subjects initially demonstrate a concern for fairness. With time however, behavior becomes inconsistent...

Two general forms of standard licensing policies are considered for a non-drastic cost-reducing innovation: (a) combination of an upfront fee and uniform linear royalty, and (b) combination of auction and uniform linear royalty. It is shown that in an oligopoly, the total reduction in the cost...