We present a detailed survey of changes in the reserve requirement system in Brazil and analyze the system's main functions and goals during the period from 1994 to 2012. We identify four different subperiods with respect to the use of this policy tool. In the first subperiod, from july 1994 to...

Many commentators have argued that if the Federal Reserve had followed a stricter monetary policy earlier this decade when the housing bubble was forming, and if Congress had not deregulated banking but had imposed tighter financial standards, the housing boom and bust - and the subsequent...

In this paper we derive optimal monetary targeting rules under various assumptions about fiscal behavior. In contrast to the existing literature we use a linear-quadratic approach and allow for dynamic games between the two policy authorities. It is shown that optimal monetary behavior is...

The effectiveness of monetary policy and the political legitimacy of the Federal Reserve depend on monetary policymakers' ability to communicate with the public, which in turn depends in part on the news media. While the finance and economics literature has investigated select aspects of...

The substance of this paper resides in estimating the monetary policy reaction function for the Central Bank of Nigeria. A Taylor type rule was estimated using the quarterly data from 2006Q4 to 2015Q2. The generalized method of moment was use to estimate the baseline model and an open economy...