In a hand-coded sample of M&A contracts from 2007-08, risk allocation provisions exhibit wide variation. Earn-outs are … the least common means to allocate risk, indemnities are most common, followed by price adjustment clauses. Techniques for … dispersion correlate negatively with the use and extent of risk sharing. Target-owners retain risk more frequently, but not …

contracts with deductibles are efficient. Characterization results of other risk measures, including the mean and distortion … risk measures, are also presented by linking them to different sets of contracts …The Expected Shortfall (ES) is one of the most important regulatory risk measures in finance, insurance, and statistics …

. This study shows that the contractual features of the Iska also raised deeper issues of risk sharing and shirking in the …

is to examine the use of fixed-fee and time-and-materials (Tamp;M, or cost-plus) contracts and a hybrid contract that …. Using data on 394 contracts from the information technology (IT) services industry, we show that Tamp;M contracts are … site-specific measures of relationship lead to a preference for low-powered Tamp;M contracts …