Theory predicts that in concentrated industries with high product similarity, horizontal acquisitions can effectively increase incumbent firms’ market power. Using a novel measure for industry product similarity, we show that in such industries firms’ propensity to make horizontal...

Minority shareholdings have been on the regulatory agenda of competition authorities for some time. Recent empirical studies, however, draw attention to a new, thought provoking theory of harm: common ownership by institutional investors holding small, parallel equity positions in several...

Incorporating the extension of exclusive dealing into Cournot competition, we analyze the multiproduct downstream firms' choice of organizational form between U-form and M-form. With managerial delegation in downstream firms, we find that choosing U-form for the downstream firms is a dominant...

In this paper we investigate the ways in which new forms of organization enabled by digital technologies such as crowdsourcing and digital marketplaces are allowing firms to circumvent and defy traditional knowledge constraints. This is part of the broader question of when and why these forms of...

The scope of the activities performed by the platform sponsor vis-à-vis the complementors is one of the key decisions that platform sponsors must continually make. Yet, the implications of alternative scope decisions are not well understood. This article delves deeper into platform sponsors’...

Tech giants are commonly referred to as ‘platforms’ in our everyday language and academic circles. Some refer to ‘the platform economy’, or the ‘platformization of the Web’. But our legal language requires more nuance as putting all these companies in the same basket has significant...

Walmart is one of the most successful companies in the world. With more than $ 524 billion in 2020 revenue and 2.2 million employees, Walmart is the world's largest company by sales volume and is ranked 19th on the Forbes list of the world's largest public companies. Walmart serves nearly 265...

Whether and how copyright promotes creative expression is the central question of copyright law. The standard rationale—that copyright provides economic incentives to create—has attracted sustained critique. Supplementing existing theories, this Article advances a novel organizational theory...

One of the most striking and undertheorized aspects of fields that commercialize patented technologies is the dynamic interplay of structural forces pushing toward consolidation. Of course, technological industries are complex ecosystems featuring numerous players of different sizes along the...

We present a simple model of common ownership in which an investor chooses its stake in competing firms in light of the effects on firm behavior and firm profits. Two firms compete in Cournot duopoly, and ownership affects a firm’s objective function in the manner posited by Bresnahan & Salop...