Although diesel engines have high thermal efficiency, large amounts of PM (particulate matter) including soot are emitted. A wall-flow DPF (diesel particulate filter) is one of the most important technologies for diesel emission control. However, the soot accumulation inside the DPF causes an...

In this paper, we propose a new approach for pedestrian dynamics. We call it a real-coded cellular automata (RCA). The scheme is based on the real-coded lattice gas (RLG), which has been developed for fluid simulation. Similar to RLG, the position and velocity can be freely given, independent of...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of a third country on the location of foreign direct investment (FDI). We focus on two determinants of FDI location. The first is the number of firms located in the third country. The second is the magnitude of demand for the good that...