This paper explores the nature of exit barriers in the steel industry, their social and economic implications, and … policy approaches to deal with exits and steel industry restructuring. Barriers to exit in the steel industry require … the closure of inefficient or unviable steel plants, though cost factors specific to the steel industry are important …

Since 2007, the European cement and steel sectors have been characterized by substantial surplus production capacity …. Hence re-investment in primary production of many materials remains limited and endangers the longer-term economic viability … demands for more efficient and lower-carbon production processes, higher-value materials with less weight and carbon intensity …

Since 2007, the European cement and steel sectors have been characterized by substantial surplus production capacity …. Hence re-investment in primary production of many materials remains limited and endangers the longer-term economic viability … demands for more efficient and lower-carbon production processes, higher-value materials with less weight and carbon intensity …

concrete and steel sectors in Australia. The results yield a 1% reduction when recycled concrete aggregate completely replaces … natural aggregate and 43% is estimated for electric arc furnace route using iron and steel scrap compared with basic oxygen …

This study examines the response of Korean steel firms after being assessed antidumping duties in the United States … and the economy as a whole. Multinational Korean steel firms have encountered highly politicized protection in the U … there is a positive, yet insignificant, relationship between U.S. antidumping duties and Korean steel exports to an …