This paper presents an update to the Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) on Fiscal Transparency Module for Italy. Some progress has been made vis-à-vis the 2003 ROSC update, especially toward strengthening the integrity of data. The reconciliation of above- and below-the-line...

This report assesses the Observance of Standards and Codes on Fiscal Transparency for Bangladesh. Bangladesh has made significant progress in recent years toward addressing longstanding problems of fiscal reporting and meeting basic requirements of fiscal transparency. Measures are in hand to...

During the 2003 Article IV Consultation mission, IMF staff reviewed developments in Italy's observance of fiscal transparency practices, with a view to updating changes in current practices, reviewing progress in implementing the initial report on observance and codes (ROSCs) recommendations,...

This report provides an assessment of fiscal transparency practices in Guatemala in light of the requirements of the IMF Code of Good Practices on Fiscal Transparency. The assessment reveals that Guatemala has progressed in certain important aspects of fiscal transparency. A variety of measures...

This paper reviews the Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes on Fiscal Transparency for Ukraine, and provides an assessment of fiscal transparency practices in Ukraine against the requirements of the IMF Code of Good Practices on Fiscal Transparency. It reviews the description of...

This paper reviews the role of accounting in budget system reform from the perspective of emerging economies who wish to adopt the OECD's performance budgeting reforms. While many OECD countries, pursuing the reforms associated with the New Public Management, have moved their accounting systems...

A combination of cyclical and structural factors has lead to a situation which could threaten financial stability worldwide. As the current financial turmoil is unfolding it becomes clearer that the effects of the initial sub-prime crisis, which originated in the US, are spreading across other...

This paper deals with the promotion of green electricity (e.g. electricity based on water, wind, waves, solar, biomass) in electricity consumption. It considers various market mechanisms such as taxes, subsidies, CO2 quotas and green certificates.

David Metcalf, chair of the Migration Advisory Committee (MAC), outlines recent changes in the regulatory framework for immigrant workers.