differentials as well as differences in employment opportunities are the central forces which drive East-West migration after …

How is migration related to informal activities? They may be complementary since new migrants may have difficulty … finding employment in formal work, so many of them end up informally employed. Alternatively, migration and informality may be … substitutes since migrants' incomes in their new locations and income earned in the home informal economy (without migration) are …

How is migration related to informal activities? They may be complementary since new migrants may have difficulty … finding employment in formal work, so many of them end up informally employed. Alternatively, migration and informality may be … substitutes since migrants' incomes in their new locations and income earned in the home informal economy (without migration) are …

How is migration related to informal activities? They may be complementary since new migrants may have difficulty … finding employment in formal work, so many of them end up informally employed. Alternatively, migration and informality may be … substitutes since migrants' incomes in their new locations and income earned in the home informal economy (without migration) are …

in the impact of social capital on migration decisions of different age groups. …

Does migration facilitate regional adjustment to idiosyncratic shocks? The evidence from post-communist economies … indicates that the efficacy of migration in reducing inter-regional unemployment and wage differentials has in fact been rather … low. High wages appear to encourage, and, similarly, high unemployment tends to discourage, overall migration - inbound …

How is migration related to informal activities? They may be complementary since new migrants may have difficulty … finding employment in formal work, so many of them end up informally employed. Alternatively, migration and informality may be … substitutes since migrants’ incomes in their new locations and income earned in the home informal economy (without migration) are …

How is migration related to informal activities? They may be complementary since new migrants may have difficulty … finding employment in formal work, so many of them end up informally employed. Alternatively, migration and informality may be … substitutes since migrants' incomes in their new locations and income earned in the home informal economy (without migration) are …

How is migration related to informal activities? They may be complementary since new migrants may have difficulty … finding employment in formal work, so many of them end up informally employed. Alternatively, migration and informality may be … substitutes since migrants' incomes in their new locations and income earned in the home informal economy (without migration) are …

able to explain the downward trend in east to west migration using wage and unemployment information. Convergence in hourly …