This paper proves that most previous studies to solve for the optimal tariff rate have committed various mathematical mistakes. When the mistakes are corrected, such studies actually derive zero tariff rate. This paper then shows that the so-called tariff-protected offer curve does not exist, as...

This paper develops a complete reconstruction of the real part of the Ricardian model of international trade, which shows that the share of the demand of each good in the total expenditures and the relative size of the economies are the key factors in the determination of the equilibrium terms...

En este trabajo se desarrolla una reconstrucción completa de la parte real del modelo ricardiano de comercio internacional. Esta permite demostrar que la participación de la demanda de cada bien en el gasto total y el tamaño relativo de las economías son los factores clave en la...

Samuelson (1947) stated that a regular equilibrium exhibits the transfer paradox if and only if it is unstable. Gale (1974) and many in the early 1980's debunked this equivalence by adding extra countries, reaching an anti consensus.We reinterpret Samuelson's result as identifying the threshold,...

Does offshore sourcing by domestic producers destroy jobs? Does it lower wages? To a growing number of observers the answer to both questions appears to be affirmative. This paper examines the issue in the context of a conventional trade framework that has been amended to allow production to be...

We consider trade liberalization in a multilateral trade model, where countries have identical homothetic tastes but may have different constant returns to scale technologies that produce at least two goods from at least two factors. In this model, we derive the world prices after trade...

This paper disproves the optimal tariff theory. Any tariff or subsidy changes only the relative price, not the offer curve. Its tariff-affected terms-of-trade is actually an export-subsidy policy. This paper confirms that free trade is indeed universally beneficial

This paper uproots David Ricardo's trade theory. When his production possibility curve is concave, there is comparative disadvantage, which should mean loss from trade and hence no trade. Since concave curve is common and realistic, his trade theory is obliterated

In an economy with imperfect labor contracts, differences in the distribution of talent can be an independent source of comparative advantage. I study a world economy with two activities, one in which an individual's contribution to production can be measured accurately and another in which...