We propose a new and time-varying optimum currency area (OCA) index for the euro area in assessing the evolution of the … autoregression (VAR) model. We argue that the euro area is more appropriate through the lens of empirical OCA properties when the … relative importance of common symmetric shocks is high, but, at the same time, is not overly dispersed across euro area member …

Estonia has been operating a currency board arrangement tied to the deutschemark, now the euro, since 1992. Optimal … accession before it can adopt the euro. In the meanwhile, gains expected from euroization - lower and more stable interest rates …

much will depend on whose laws govern trade.Managing Euro Risk explains how the problem has arisen. Legally, the Eurozone …

confronting euro area governments. It suggests that pooling fiscal risks, creating an EU Treasury and issuing jointly-backed euro … advantages and disadvantages of euro bonds and concludes that issuing euro bonds can transform a market that is fragmented along … investors and wealth managers to use euro bond instruments as a tool for payment or transactions needs as well as short …

This paper deals with the question of what impact membership of the European Monetary Union (EMU) has had on small … European states. We will also analyze whether or to what extent a large number of small member states affect the EMU itself … the EMU, production structure, foreign trade policy, and stability readiness. However, they do share some characteristics …

international money in the future. If the euro continues to exist for the next half century or so and has a relatively stable value …, the authors conclude that the euro is likely to be serious competition for the dollar as the international money. …

Przyst¹pienie do strefy euro i zwi¹zane z nim wprowadzenie wspólnego europejskiego pieni¹dza do obiegu gotówkowego w … – ekonomiczne, polityczne, a tak¿e psycho-spo³eczne. Poniewa¿ wprowadzenie euro ma potencjalny wp³yw na dobrobyt jednostek, bêd¹ one …¹d literatury dotycz¹cej determinant poparcia spo³ecznego dla euro. Postuluje on potrzebê dope³nienia oficjalnych dokumentów i …

Differences in economic performance between the USA and the euro area have been the subject of much debate. Even though … answer provided by the analysis is that the Euro Area has made an impressive progress since its initiation, but this has to …

the basis of this analysis, a number of practical implications for the transition to the euro are drawn. The analysis … political and symbolic dimensions of money which the transition to the euro now puts squarely on the centre stage. …