The EU Climate and Energy Package has recently became a hot topic in Poland due to the fact that the first important emission reductions will be introduced in 2013. Moreover, Polish economy is relatively CO2 intensive, as most of the electricity and heat generation is based on coal and some of...

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The EU-sponsored Barcelona conference in 1995 set the ambitious goal of creating the Euro-Mediterranean Free Trade Area (EUROMED) that would include the European Union and the MENA countries by 2010. The intermediate steps towards building the EUROMED have involved bilateral “vertical” trade...

pAlthough foreign subsidiaries usually perform better than the average of the hosting economies, empirical literature has also established that the selection effect is statistically significant. In this paper we attempt to evaluate its economic relevance, using a unique data set of annual...

After the collapse of communism in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) many countries in the region radically liberalized their foreign trade regimes in the 1990s. In particular preferential trade liberalization in the CEE countries has been promoted by the European Union in the form of the...

Poland has experienced a great deal of worsening of its fiscal situation following the economic slowdown of 2008–2009 caused by the worldwide financial crisis. General government deficit reached around 8% of GDP in 2010 both as a result of lower economic activity but also due to structural...