Diminishing emission budgets and increasing risks of catastrophic damages from climate change require analyses of rapid response options including geoengineering options such as ocean iron fertilization (OIF). To decide whether or not OIF might be such an option an assessment of its potential as...

Despite large uncertainties in the fertilization efficiency, natural iron fertilization studies and some of the purposeful iron enrichment studies have demonstrated that Southern Ocean iron fertilization can lead to a significant export of carbon from the sea surface to the ocean interior. From...

The circular economy is a core approach driving innovative economic solutions. Although the legal system should support the development of such an economy, scientific methods to assess the environmental impact of legal rules are lacking. Legislators and scholars have highlighted consumer law as...

On the one hand, wind power production is necessary for decarbonizing the electricity sector. On the other hand, we risk replacing one environmental problem with other environmental problems, that is, stopping climate change in exchange with increased loss of pristine land and biodiversity. The...

In this paper, we examine in a systematic manner how investors react to the sentiment of instant ESG news. Instead of acquiring proprietary ESG news or events datasets directly from specific ESG data providers, we extract fresh ESG news directly from a plethora of raw news articles. We showcase...

This paper estimates the effect of coal-fired power plants on infant mortality in India. We find that a one GW increase in coal-fired capacity corresponds to a 14% increase in infant mortality rates in districts near versus far from the plant site. This effect is 2-3 times larger than estimates...

Scientists from all over the world recognize that energy saving in households is currently very relevant topic. Energy resources are very important factor for each country's economic vitality. Not only the country's replenishment in energy resources is important, but also the reduction of energy...

This paper is designed to provide comprehensive details on the carbon markets across the major Asian economies and with specific attention to the Chinese carbon market. We particularly discuss the carbon markets across the major northeast (the People's Republic of China [PRC], Japan, and the...

This paper explores how the need to transition to a low-carbon economy influences firm credit risk. It develops a novel dataset which augments data on firms' green-house gas emissions over time with information on climate disclosure practices and forward-looking emission reduction targets,...

This paper develops a model of used vehicle trade between countries with different environmental regulations regarding vehicle emissions. We show that the US, given its strict environmental regulations, has incentives to export used vehicles to Mexico, which impacts air pollution emissions...