A foundational assumption in economics is that people are rational -- they choose optimal plans of action given their predictions about future states of the world. In games of strategy this means that each playersÕ strategy should be optimal given his or her prediction of the opponentsÕ...

We address the question "Are some classes of combinatorial optimization problems instrinsically harder than others, without regard to the algorithm one uses, or can difficulty only be assessed relative to particular algorithms?" <p> We provide a measure of the hardness of a particular optimization...</p>

Monte Carlo simulation is widely used to price complex financial instruments. Recent theoretical results and extensive computer testing indicate that deterministic methods may be far superior in speed and confidence. <p> In this paper we test the generalized Faure method due to Tezuka on a...</p>

Two-connected outerplanar graphs have a unique minimal cycle basis with length $2|E|-|V|$. They are the only Hamiltonian graphs with a cycle basis of this length.

A detailed analysis of three species-rich ecosystem food webs has shown that they display scale-free distributions of connections. Such graphs of interaction are in fact shared by a number of biological and technological networks, which have been shown to display a very high homeostasis against...

The relation between stable (zero-gradient) points and cellular automata dynamics is explored. Both the number and the nature of stable points influence to some extent the complexity class and stability of rules, and the existence of spatio-temporal structures such as gliders.