In statistics it is necessary to study the relation among many probability distributions. Information geometry elucidates the geometric structure on the space of all distributions. When combined with Bayesian decision theory, it leads to the new concept of "ideal estimates." They uniquely exist...

Statistics requires consideration of the ``ideal estimates'' defined through the posterior mean of fractional powers of finite measures. In this paper we study , the linear space spanned by th power of finite measures, . It is shown that generalizes the Lebesgue function space , and shares most...

It is sometimes thought that philosophers have little to offer those who think about the science of complex systems. There are, however, two philosophical ideas that seem crucial in considering the very definition of complexity. The first is the distinction between "ontology" and "epistemology",...

The widespread use and proven profitability of technical trading rules in financial markets has long been a puzzle in academic finance. In this paper we show, using an agent-based model of an evolving stock market, that widespread technical trading can arise due to a multi-person prisoners'...

Incomplete information, local interaction, and random matching games all share a common structure. A type or player interacts with various subsets of the set of all types/players. A type/player's total payoff is additive in the payoffs from these various interactions. This paper describes a...

An important puzzle in the study of complex systems is the conditions under which the aggregation of information from interacting agents results in a stable or an unstable collective outcome. We present a general framework for thinking about the stability and instability of collective outcomes...

Where genetically unrelated members of a group benefit from mutual adherence to a social norm, agents may obey the norm and punish its violators, even when this behavior cannot be justified in terms of self-regarding, outcome-oriented preferences. We call this strong reciprocity. We distinguish...

This paper is concerned with the governance of vertical interfirm relations, i.e. relations between buyers and their suppliers on industrial, intermediate-goods markets. Networks of interacting, adaptive buyers and suppliers are viewed as complex adaptive systems (Holland and Miller 1991), which...

This paper contains a description of a general class of city formation models. Individual economic agents have preferences for locations that depend on the population distribution. A location's attractiveness depends upon some combination of its population and its average distance to other...

In this paper, I formally define uncertainty, difficulty, and complexity both as measures of problems and environments and as analytic paragdigms and discuss the importance of the difficulty and uncertainty paradigms in the study of institutions. <p> <p> <!--To appear in: .