September 1999 <p> Prepared for a special issue of Research Policy on technology policy issues, forthcoming in the year 2000 under the guest-editorship of Albert N. Link. <p> Is public R&D spending complementary and thus additional to private R&D spending, or does it substitute for and tend to crowd...</p></p>

Presented to the International Symposium on ECONOMIC CHALLENGES OF THE 21ST CENTURY IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE, Oxford, England, 2nd-4th July, 1999 Celebrating the Scholarly Career of Charles H. Feinstein, FBA.

November 1998 - Revised March 2000 <p> The concept of path dependence refers to a property of contingent, non-reversible dynamical processes, including a wide array of biological and social processes that can properly be described as "evolutionary." To dispell existing confusions in the literature,...</p>

October 2000 <p> There is a serious threat that ill-considered government support for expanding legal means of controlling access to information for the purpose of extracting private economic rents is resulting in the "over-fencing of the public knowledge commons" in science and engineering. Such a...</p>

May 1999 <p> A contribution to The Regulation of Science and Technology, edited by Helen Lawton Smith, forthcoming from Macmillan Publishers, London in 1998.

October 2001 <p> The technology of “the Internet” is not static. Although its “end-to-end” architecture has made this “connection-less” communications system readily “extensible,” and highly encouraging to innovation both in hardware and software applications, there are strong...</p>