In this note, we study, test and discuss two original classes of payment aggregation rules based on transaction size models in order to replicate the demand for cash and deposits in the economy. First, we show that some of the aggregation rules call for special consideration since they better...

The objective of this paper is to explain the use of cash, payment cards and checks in the economy. In so doing, we propose three models of payment decision and we test how well each of these models replicates the observed aggregate payments decisions. We show that the model based on cash...

In a recent contribution, Bounie et al. (2007a) proposed a simple alternative payment decision rule based on a cash holding model (CH model) that showed more efficiency at replicating the observed data than standard transaction size based models (TS models) agrave; la Whitesell (1989). In this...

Payment choice models based on transaction sizes (TS models) induce strong predictions about the use of payment instruments. Especially, all equal-sized transactions should be paid with the same payment instrument. Then, for each individual, one should observe strict domains of transaction for...

Achieving an ambitious goal frequently requires succeeding in a sequence of intermediate tasks, some being critical for the final outcome, and others not. However, individuals are not always able to provide a level of effort sufficient to guarantee success in all such intermediate tasks. The...

Achieving an ambitious goal frequently requires succeeding in a sequence of intermediate tasks, some being critical for the final outcome, and others not. However, individuals are not always able to provide a level of effort sufficient to guarantee success in all such intermediate tasks. The...

When processing transactions in a block, a miner increases his reward but also decreases his probability to earn any reward because the time needed for his block to reach consensus depends on its size. We show that this leads to a game situation between miners. We analytically solve this game...

This paper analyzes how drug approval procedures influence the incentives of pharmaceutical firms to launch new drugs in the presence of international reference pricing. First, we show that the set of countries in which a firm commercializes a new drug is larger when countries do not approve...