The past thirty years or so has seen microfinance take off from small group-based lending experiments to several …, insurance and money transfer services - remains. Where is the microfinance industry headed? This essay reviews the available … microfinance industry - the private sector as a continued source of product and process innovations; and the public sector taking …

Innovation in agriculture differs from innovation elsewhere in the economy in several important ways. In this chapter … mean that the nature and extent of market failures in the provision of agricultural research and innovation differ from …. Informal innovation and technical discovery processes characterized agriculture from its beginnings some 10,000 years ago …

financial frictions, the literature proposes that firms need to post collateral in order to mitigate problems of information …

Economic interest in innovation policy largely arises from the fundamental importance of innovation to social welfare … and from inefficiencies in innovation in a competitive market environment. As a result, a wide variety of public … innovation policies are used in practice. This study reviews the economic justifications for public innovation policies and …

Economic interest in innovation policy largely arises from the fundamental importance of innovation to social welfare … and from inefficiencies in innovation in a competitive market environment. As a result, a wide variety of public … innovation policies are used in practice. This study reviews the economic justifications for public innovation policies and …

How does the process of applying knowledge to the economy work? How do people innovate? What is inside the innovation … framework to innovation to answer these questions by distinguishing two types of innovations: conceptual and experimental. The …

contributes to an economic exposition of China's potential transition from an energy-intensive to an innovation-led growth path … capital investment and incentives of capital stock accumulation rather than R&D-related innovation. Accumulation of energy …-consuming capital stock along this non-innovation-led growth path thus leads to an intensive use of fossil energy - an energy …