Genetically modified (GM) crops have been largely adopted in major exporting countriesthereby representing a dominant share of a few key agricultural commodities that aretraded in international markets. Regulatory reviews and approvals for the cultivation andmarketing of GM crops, however, are...

Since their commercial introduction in 1996, genetically modified (GM)crops have been quickly adopted world wide, but some GM crops/varieties have notreceived regulatory approval for use in some importing countries, leading toasynchronicity in regulatory approvals. In this context, the...

Replaced with revised version of paper 06/12/07.

Why do biotech firms cluster? New and established firms in biotech clusters are said to capitalize on knowledge spillovers, labor-market pooling, and other externalities. Some have even argued that such spillovers are so strong that the cluster itself, rather than the individual, is the “locus...

By most measures, adoption of first generation crop biotechnologies in the UnitedStates and elsewhere has been extremely fast. Yet, only modest research effort has beendevoted to understanding why producers in different parts of the world have adoptedthese technologies at such rapid rates. In...

In this study it is argued that conflicting empirical results on the relationship between technical efficiency and education may be in part attributed to difficulties in the measurement of key variables. Calculation of technical efficiency with three alternative frontier methods for a sample of...

Agro-biotechnology is evolving from a pre-commercial phase dominated by basic research science to a commercial phase oriented around marketing products. In pursuing innovation rents in the commercial phase, firms are reorienting their strategies around complementary marketing and distribution...