. Third, on the other hand, contracted prices did not converge to the competitive price over time. Fourth, subjects who had …

We investigate theoretically and empirically the competitive effects of increased trade on prices, productivity and … and significant impact on sectoral prices. Increased openness lowers prices by both reducing markups and raising … productivity rises in a manner that increases over time. Our estimates suggest that EU manufacturing prices fell by 2 …

. Equilibrium quantities are efficient regardless of concentration. The law of one price does not hold. Prices depend on …

. Third, on the other hand, contracted prices did not converge to the competitive price over time. Fourth, subjects who had …

national economic development, domestic agricultural production and markets, commercial trade and the nutritional status of …

rate can impose significant costs on intertemporal trade. The model also shows that a variety of nonlinear relationships is … preferences between goods. In contrast to recent work, our analysis implies that such costs of intertemporal trade may be a …

observed changes from 2020 (September) in unemployment, trade, oil prices, and production to inform our model. Estimated gross … lockdowns lead to a decrease in global GDP of 7.2 per cent, and a decrease in grain prices of 9 per cent. These changes lead to …