This paper gives a unified and simple treatment of three related questions in the demand theory of the weak axiom: (i) Is there an elementary, i.e., non-fixed point theoretic, proof of equilibrium existence when the excess demand function of an economy satisfies the weak axiom? (ii) What...

Does Northern Europe possess unique characteristics that cannot disappear and do not need to disappear, or will globalisation inevitably result in uniformity, divested businesses, lower wages and huge pressure on social security provisions? This is one of the main questions addressed by this...

The current paper experiments with the conception and analytical model of principle components. The analysis utilizes data of Sudan to test the model fitness and data suitability. All the country's economic sectors are used in the analysis which also integrates high, medium and low income strata...

Future increases to the top income tax rates for individuals and reductions to the corporate tax rate will invite the widespread use of C corporations as tax shelter vehicles, an old problem that has never been addressed successfully. The changes could even resurrect the need for the...

India has the world's second largest urban population (after China). This paper shows the large disparities within this urban population in health related indicators. It shows the disparities for child and maternal health, provision for health care and housing conditions between the poorest...

For the past few years there has been a call to raise the Federal Minimum Wage to $15.00 per hour. The purpose of this article is to remind the reader that a wage earner receives the higher of the Federal, State, City, and in many cases the private sector company’s minimum wage. But more...

The world economy is undergoing dramatic changes, largely driven by the new availability of fine-grained information. Innovative ways of using data—large and small—have also prompted a rethinking of the boundaries for the combination and use of knowledge. The strategic design of information...

In the modern world, each state declares raising the standard of living of its population as one of the main tasks. In Kazakhstan, the solution to this problem provided by the Strategy "Kazakhstan 2050", is directed not only to increase the GDP / GNP but also to increase the standard of living...