In this paper we analyze the frequently observed phenomenon that (i) some members of a team ("black sheep") exhibit behavior disliked by other (honest) team members, who (ii) nevertheless refrain from reporting such misbehavior to the authorities (they set up a "wall of silence"). Much cited...

We perform a theoretical and empirical analysis of the impact of transfer fee regulations on professional soccer in Europe. Based on a model on the interaction of moral hazard and heterogeneity, we show (i) how the regulations effect contract durations and wages, (ii) that contracting parties...

We provide a Matlab quadratic optimization tool based on Markowitz's citical line algorithm that significantly outperforms standard software packages and a recently developed operations research algorithm. As an illustration: For a 2000 asset universe our method needs less than a second to...

The focus of the present study is on consumer health information in relation to supplier induced demand (SID). We argue that previously used measures of consumer health information are not suitable to identify SID. Using a new information measure based on questions of the Swiss Health Survey, we...

see revised version dp0312, July 2003