In political science, legal and economic literature, there has been a lot of debate on how to achieve an optimal compliance especially with multi-lateral environmental treaties. This chapter attempts to present the literature indicating under what conditions compliance with global environmental...

This article suggests that the use of strict criminal liability in response to unintended petroleum discharges undermines long-established and well-reasoned common law notions of justice and conflicts with the principles of statutory construction. The author argues that DOJ's continued use of...

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is often understood as voluntary actions firms take beyond legal compliance. However, in recent years, governments around the world have also begun to actively promote CSR, reflecting broader governance trends that embrace “soft law,” voluntary...

Despite the potential appeal of dramatically increased liability and sentences in the wake of environmental disasters like the Deepwater Horizon oil blowout in the Gulf of Mexico, this Article argues that more aggressive criminal provisions and enforcement related to environmental harms, up to...

To discourage unhealthy eating and limit the population’s intake of fatty foods, an increasing number of countries across the the European Union is considering levying taxes on unhealthy food. This essay provides a brief analysis of the genesis, rationale and legal implications of these...

This paper provides a summary of the author’s recent study that assessed the utility of environmental enforcement networks. The study considered fourteen current and active environmental enforcement networks, at the sub-national, national, regional and global levels, from seven countries. The...

The Australian Government’s Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts is an emerging regulator. Upon commencement of its cornerstone legislation, the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth), Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the...

Post-colonial societies endowed with abundant natural resources often under-perform economically when these resources are exploited as economic enclaves lacking significant linkages to other sectors of the economy. The Panama Canal, a symbol of Panamanian identity and a reminder of Panama's...

Traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of injury and death in the U.S. The role of traffic law enforcement in the reduction of accidents has been studied by relatively few papers and with mixed results that may be due to a simultaneity problem. Traffic law enforcement may reduce...

This updated chapter of the Lexis Treatise, Waters & Water Rights provides an overview of the statutes and cases governing water law in New York State. The state's water law is primarily codified in Article 15 of New York Environmental Conservation Law, with residual issues defined by common...