Timor-Leste has made impressive strides in economic development and institution building. Yet, it is a low-income and fragile country with pressing development needs. A large fraction of the population faces chronic food insecurity, and significant gaps exist in health, education, and...

The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated long-standing socio-economic vulnerabilities, which were further compounded by persistent energy shortages, flood-related damages at end-2021, and a sharp increase in global fuel and food prices caused by the war in Ukraine. These have put pressure on domestic...

The staff report for the 2004 Article IV Consultation on the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste highlights economic developments and policies. Progress has been made in consolidating the new government’s administrative power and fostering a stable political environment, despite some early...