Die Produktion von Automobilen sowie von Komponenten und Teilen ist weiterhin auf die Triade fortgeschrittener Industrieländer konzentriert. Dies sollte aber nicht darüber hinwegtäuschen, dass auch in der deutschen Automobilindustrie ein intensiver "Wettbewerb von unten" herrscht, der zwei...

The scale and productivity of maritime trade is a function of environmental conditions, political processes and economic development that determine demand, and more specifically of trading costs. Trading costs are the sum of transportation costs (comprised of the cost of carriage and the cost of...

This paper presents new estimates of country-specific international transport costs for 21 OECD countries over the period 1973-2005. The methodology is based on direct measures of air, maritime, and road transport costs rather than on cif/fob ratios or other balance of payments data employed in...

Die Produktion von Automobilen sowie von Komponenten und Teilen ist weiterhin auf die Triade fortgeschrittener Industrieländer konzentriert. Dies sollte aber nicht darüber hinwegtäuschen, dass auch in der deutschen Automobilindustrie ein intensiver "Wettbewerb von unten" herrscht, der zwei...

The globalization movement has made efforts to create free trade zones through considerable efforts to harmonize international commercial and trade laws. Perhaps as a result of the focus that the globalization movement has put on trade harmonization, commentators and regulators have begun...

This paper presents new estimates of country-specific international transport costs for 21 OECD countries over the period 1973-2005. The methodology is based on direct measures of air, maritime, and road transport costs rather than on cif/fob ratios or other balance of payments data employed in...

The port of Barranquilla is located on the western margin of the Magdalena River, 22 km before the river mouth at the Caribbean Sea. Nowadays, it is ranked fourth among the biggest ports of the country in terms of cargo volume. Nevertheless, it has problems for navigation throughout his access...

El puerto de Barranquilla se ubica sobre la margen occidental del río Magdalena, a 22 km de su desembocadura en el mar Caribe. En la actualidad, es el cuarto puerto más importante del país por volumen de carga transportada. Sin embargo, presenta problemas para la navegación a lo largo de su...

In this work we demonstrate the effects of different Chinese transport infrastructure investment strategies on long run marginal costs of steam coal supply in Europe. Increasing Chinese demand for steam coal will lead to a growing need for additional domestic infrastructure in China as...

In a simple growth model we explore the current and future growth effects of the regional population structure. Regional GDP growth in 227 regions within six countries in central Europe is explored as how they depend on the young and old dependency ratio. The young dependency ratio (YDR) is...