We examine impacts of market integration on the development of American manufacturing, as railroads expanded through the latter half of the 19th century. Using new county-by-industry data from the Census of Manufactures, we estimate substantial impacts on manufacturing productivity from relative...

This article overviews the role that natural gas has played over time in the United States. It identifies and surveys five key historical roles that natural gas has served: (1) as an early competitor for lighting, (2) as a nuisance byproduct in oil production, (3) as a heating and appliance...

Federalism and international trade regulation are popular topics in the legal literature, but the intersection of these two topics remains under-examined. This article explores this important intersection by engaging in a comparative analysis of U.S. and Canadian federalism, and by considering...

Stationary gasoline engines began to appear on U.S. farms around 1895. Within 20 years later their numbers had exploded to one million; yet their use has received scant attention. This paper examines the demand for stationary power on the farm and compares alternative power sources in 1895. It...

According to culinary scholars, American food retained a strongly British character through most of its history. Chinese food was the exception. Beginning in the early-twentieth century, Chinese restaurants began appearing outside of Chinatowns and the cuisine entered the cultural mainstream....

This paper surveys the formation of the US shipping cartels (conferences) and their state of development before the onset of World War I. These cartels ranged from simple price agreements to very complex and tight revenue pooling agreements. The focus of the paper is to identify the factors that...

It is generally argues that the Canadian railway construction boom of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries did little benefit to the Quebec economy. However, this paper argues that railways played a significant role in Quebec's economic growth through their impact upon rail-way...

The completion of the Erie Canal traditionally receives primary credit for the rapid growth of trade through the Port of New York relative to other East Coast ports. This credit ignores the dramatic increase in imports through New York prior to the completion of the canal. We examine an...

This study analyzes the legal problems in the development and management of Chesapeake Bay resources. There are threshold problems of definition - What is Chesapeake Bay? What are its resources? What role does law play in their development and management? The "Historical Perspective" traces the...

This paper makes use of American patent data to shed light on the geographical history of invention, and introduces a methodology (the Wellesley Technology Concordance) which creates matrices describing the distribution of patents by 43 industries of manufacture and 50 sectors of use, along with...