This report discusses key issues around the mobilization of private capital for development. Investment requirements are huge, especially for infrastructure, climate and other SDG-related investments. External finance for developing countries stagnated in the years before the pandemic, followed...

Policymakers fear the potentially destabilizing impact of fickle global investors on emerging markets. Euro area investors are significant participants in emerging bond markets and exhibit volatile flows, but their fickleness does not result in indiscriminate periods of surge and flight....

In recent years, foreign exchange reserves of some of the central banks are increasingly being switched into investments in riskier assets that have been perpetually meant for liquid and safe instruments. Those reserve funds are mainly derived from excess liquidity in the public sector stemming...

The study is an attempt to analyse the impact of specific sources of finance on firms' export performance by investigating empirically the SME exporters' preferred mode of financing their various export operations and linking it with their export profitability. Based on the findings it is...

Retail in India has a good growth potential but this sector is the least evolved with the growth of organized retail being substantially slow. In such a scenario, the government of India in early 2013 allowed 51 percent FDI in multi-brand retail. FDI plays an important role in the economic...

Equity market liberalizations are like IPOs, but they are IPOs of a country's stock market rather than of individual firms. Both are endogenous events whose benefits are limited by poor investor protection, agency costs, and information asymmetries. As for stock prices following an IPO, there...

There is growing support for taxes on short-term capital inflows in emerging markets, such as the encaje adopted by Chile from 1991-98. Previous empirical assessments of the encaje conclude that it may have generated some small economic benefits, such as shifting the composition of capital...

It is generally accepted that there has been an increase in the degree of international financial integration over the last two decades. Countries are trying to remove the restrictions on cross-border capital movement, deregulate domestic financial markets and offer competitive investment...

The ultimate object of research concerning the Euro is to answer the following questions: (#1) What is the equilibrium trajectory of the nominal euro, measured as dollars/euro? (#2) To what extent has the equilibrium nominal euro been determined by relative prices (PPP), and to what extent has...

We study how unconventional monetary policy announcements affect the entry of foreign investment in debt and equity in Mexico, placing special focus on announcements related to the third QE program and the taper tantrum episode. A novel dataset on daily debt and equity flows, that maps Balance...