bank to restructure the borrower's firm in the case of distress, thepossibility to appropriate private benefits from …

bank-based to capital market-based financial systems, nor for a loss of importance of banks. Only in the case of France … mobilizers of capital from the non-financial sectors. In combination with the trend towards securitization of bank liabilites …

two similar-sized banks operating in the Netherlands in the 1920s: the Amsterdamsche Bank and the Rotterdamsche … Bankvereeniging. Whilst the first escaped the crisis relatively unscathed, the second required assistance from the Nederlandsche Bank …, the Dutch central bank. A new and detailed narrative of one episode of the crisis using as yet unused primary sources is …

value and aggregate economic activity. We investigate whether and how bank governance, especially private vs. non …-private bank ownership, affects financial constraints of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). We focus on SMEs because they … are more opaque, bank-dependent and riskier than large firms. Given the significant differences between private and non …