Global flows of foreign direct investment (FDI) have slowed down in recent years, which particularly affected developed countries, including those in the European Un- ion (EU). A general decrease in capital circulation in the form of FDI between the EU and the rest of the world has been...

Located at the heart of global value chains (GVCs), intangibles are documented to have a high and rising value capture, and to depend on both agglomeration economies and global connectedness for their performance. In this paper, we study how the distinct nature of intangibles require countries...

Objective: The objective of the article is to assess why some zone managing companies (ZMCs) are more successful in developing their special economic zones (SEZs) than others. In almost every part of Poland, there are winners and losers among SEZs. It suggests that the advantage of having a...