This paper investigates how multinational firms choose the capital structure of theirforeign affiliates in response to political risk. We focus on two choice variables, theleverage and the ownership structure of the foreign affiliate, and we distinguish differenttypes of political risk, such as...

1. Introduction -- 2. Overview of Political Risks -- 3. Methods of General Risk Management -- 4. Create Transparency About Political Risks -- 5. Managing Tactical Political Risks -- 6. Managing Strategic Political Risks -- 7. Geographic Flexibility as a Key Strategy in Political Risk Management...

The basis of Germany´s technological competitiveness continues to be a good one. In the nineties, however, the investments to maintain this position have left much to be desired. The most recent efforts in investments, in research and development and patenting activities are found to be...

We argue that membership in International Organizations (IOs) is an important determinant of FDI inflows. To the extent that membership restricts a country from pursuing policies that are harmful to investors, it can signal low political risk. Using data over the 1971-2005 period, we find that...

We argue that membership in International Organizations (IOs) is an important determinant of FDI inflows. To the extent that membership restricts a country from pursuing policies that are harmful to investors, it can signal low political risk. Using data over the 1971-2005 period, we find that...