This paper compares the effectiveness of different fiscal policy instruments - carbon pricing, fiscal incentives for private green investments, and public green investment - in supporting a green recovery that is also fiscally sustainable. It argues that relying on carbon pricing or green...

Measures of the severity of macroeconomic scenarios have been widely used in the literature, but a consistent methodology for their calculation has not been developed yet. Against this background, we provide a general method for calculating the joint probability of observing a macroeconomic...