We introduce the notion of realized copula. Based on assumptions of the marginal distributions of daily stock returns and a copula family, realized copula is defined as the copula structure materialized in realized covariance estimated from within-day highfrequency data. Copula parameters are...

This paper studies the relationship between lobbying, free emission allowance allocation and firm outcomes in the European Union Emissions Trading System (ETS). I draw on administrative data from the EU Transpareny Register (TR) and the European Union Transaction Log (EUTL), and construct a...

This paper considers estimating general spatial autoregressive models using the generalized method of moments (GMM). I propose nonparametric estimates of the optimal instruments based on conditional second moment restrictions. I show that these instruments are optimal over all possible...

In an influential work by Diebold and Inoue (2001), the Markov switching model was shown to exhibit long memory, in terms of the behavior of the second moments of partial sums. The relationship between the Markov switching model and long memory is reexamined here. Common estimators of the long...