This paper analyzes the effects of the tax privilege for retained profits of partnerships and sole proprietorships. These privileges were implemented in Austria in 2004 and in Germany in 2008. The paper demonstrates that the German government's goal of increasing the equity in German...

This paper analyzes two typical effects of tax reforms, tax rate effects and timing effects. The example chosen for the analysis is the tax privilege for retained profits of partnerships and sole proprietorships, which was implemented in Germany in 2008. Taking equity-financing and top marginal...

This contribution investigates, to what extent changes in tax rates affect optimal repatriation policy and the optimal investment alternative, respectively. The results show, that changes in tax rates have significant impact on the optimal repatriation policy. Furthermore, due to changes in tax...

This paper investigates, to what extent the optimization of dividend repatriations from an Austrian subsidiary - if the shares are held in a German sole proprietorship - will rise the future value of real investments compared to using nominal tax rates for repatriation decisions. Therefor...

In this paper we compare the taxation of capital income in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. Because of the three level taxation in Switzerland, Zug and Zurich are chosen as representative cantons and communities. First the national legal frameworks are described before the absolute tax payment...

In Switzerland, taxation on expenditure is advertised as optimal for wealthy individuals with non-Swiss nationality. Assuming an individual resident in Germany, we analyze if it is optimal for tax purposes to stay in the home country or to move to Switzerland considering variable capital income....

Increasing complexity of economic models evolve optimization problems that are not differentiable any more. To solve that problems heuristic optimization or approximation methods have to be used. In this article three methods of polynomial interpolations are summarized and explained. The three...