The issue of measurement invariance commonly arises in factor-analytic contexts, with methods for assessment including … groups, group membership, and offending model parameters. In this paper, we construct tests of measurement invariance based … measurement invariance violations, and (2) identifying subgroups of individuals that violated measurement invariance based on a …

Researchers are often interested in testing for measurement invariance with respect to an ordinal auxiliary variable … of the auxiliary variable, resulting in higher power against "monotonic" violations of measurement invariance and lower … involving real data, and their performance is studied via simulation. -- measurement invariance ; ordinal variable ; parameter …