The edge-set encoding is a direct tree representation which directly representstrees as sets of edges. There are two variants of the edge-set encoding:the edge-set encoding without heuristics, and the edge-set encoding withheuristics. An investigation into the bias of the edge-set encoding...

The edge-set encoding is a direct tree encoding which applies search oper-ators directly to trees represented as sets of edges. There are two variantsof crossover operators for the edge-set encoding: With heuristics that con-sider the weights of the edges, or without heuristics. Due to a strong...

This paper presents an investigation into the properties of the optimal communication spanningtree (OCST) problem. The OCST problem nds a spanning tree that connects all nodesand satises their communication requirements for a minimum total cost. The paper comparesthe properties of randomly...

In the past, environmental management mainly focussed on the identification of ecologically oriented requirements made on enterprises by relevant stakeholders, on the developmentof related corporate strategies and also on the introduction of a corporate system of environmental management....

This comparative analysis of structures and performances of the dairy supply chain in 20 south-eastern and eastern European countries shows that even after many years of structural change, the sector is still dominated by small-scale and subsistence farming, which results in weak vertical...

Die Legitimität von Ungleichheit in der Einkommensverteilung basiert in Marktökonomien auf den Annahmen einer Dominanz individueller Leistungskomponenten für die Einkommenshöhe und der unterstellten Existenz von Chancengleichheit.Die Überprüfung der empirischen Relevanz dieser Annahmen...

In neoclassical economic theory the level of individual income is predominantly determined by individual job performance. Thus high incomes reflect the high marginal productivity of labour of the affluent working population. While the scientific research of poverty has a long tradition, nearly...

Vorliegende Studie beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie zufrieden pflegebedürftige Menschen, die häusliche Pflege in Ansprung nehmen, mit den Leistungen ihrer Pflegedienstes sind.