We derive an explicit formula of the Watts’ poverty index, in terms of parametersof bivariate lognormal distributions … prices and nominal living standards in poverty; interpret the e¤ects on povertyof changes in price distributions; estimate … poverty when only means and variancesof price indices and nominal living standards are known.Using data from peasants in …

A priori knowledge about the shape of living standards distribution has notbeen fully exploited in the literature to … investigate properties of poverty indices.The method we propose is to exploit credible distributional assumptions to …: generateadditional properties for poverty indices; relate the latters to the incidenceof poverty and to an inequality index; enrich the …

revealspecific quantiles, particularly those around the poverty line which are mostsusceptible to be vulnerable to shocks to the …

associated components. Our typical example is that of theeect of the distribution of price indices on USEFs or on inequality …

between $4 and $10 (at constant 2005 PPP dollar). They are well above the international poverty line, but still vulnerable to … falling back into poverty and hence not part of the secure middle class. In a first step, we use long-term growth projections …

Much of the discussion of economic development in low and middle income countries and of poverty reduction has either … ignored the issue of income distribution or has tended to view income distribution only in terms of its impact on economic …

of the country's population. We demonstrate that there is an important ethnic gap in the poverty levels of the Xhosa and …