Purpose – With the rapid increase in both household discretionary income and housing price, how to improve housing … affordability is the vital challenge for China, especially for the northwestern region where the household income is lower than that …/methodology/approach – Price to income ratio (PIR) and housing affordability index (HAI) approaches were applied in this study to measure housing …

low‐income household settlements examined public housing or low‐income homeowners of single detached dwellings. This study … adds to the existing body of knowledge by examining low‐income homeowners in multi‐owner low‐cost settlements.  …

association sector. Design/methodology/approach – A total of two methods, rent‐to‐income ratio and residual income standards … affordability. Findings – The rent‐to‐income ratio analysis identified that housing association rents were generally affordable …. However, the residual income analyses using two different minimum acceptable standards suggested some scepticism in this …

important role in housing affordability than household income. Thereby, decreasing housing price is more important than … household income to alleviate the housing affordability problem. Meanwhile, housing size has exerted a great impact on housing … expenditure to income ratio via Engel's coefficient using the housing market data of 35 large and medium cities in China from 1996 …

the community, to demonstrate the increased tourism income due to rising accommodation prices during festivals and events …. Findings – The study validates the increased tourism income due to rising accommodation prices during festivals and events …

the long‐run relationship between imports and its determinants. Findings – Test results show that imports, income and … relative prices are cointegrated. The estimated long‐run elasticities of import demand with respect to income and relative …

, with particular emphasis on the methods related to the income‐generating capacity of a hotel. The findings reveal a wide … and assumptions in different market conditions. However, it is concluded that the more sophisticated “income‐based” income …