Some management science models require estimates of distances between points in a road network based on the point coordinates. This paper evaluates the accuracy of a range of reasonable forms for distance estimating functions using samples of urban and rural road distances. The intent is to...

This article develops the dual program corresponding to a hyperbolic approximation, of the constrained multi-facility location model using l_p distances. The dual program is original and is a contribution to the theory of facilities location as well as providing a new efficient method of...

The distances used in certain types of industrial, office or street grid layouts are often assumed to be rectangular. Because of the "doubling back" effect caused by finite block and facility sizes, actual distances travelled are often much greater than indicated by the l₁ norm. In this study...