This paper illustrates regression and Kalman filtering methods for estimating the time-varying term structure of volatility expectations revealed by options prices. Short- and long-term expectations are estimated for four currencies using daily PHLX options prices from 1985 to 1989. Throughout...

There are important organizational and behavioral differences between firms in emerging markets and those in developed markets. We propose a top-down approach to understand how key institutional forces shape the structures and policies of firms in emerging markets. We review a selective set of...

Empirical pricing kernels for the UK equity market are derived as the ratio between risk-neutral densities, inferred from FTSE 100 index options, and historical real-world densities, estimated from time series of the index. The kernels thus obtained are almost compatible with a risk averse...