Environmental taxes have recently become a popular tool of environmental policy in many countries. Their increased use reflects the belief that taxes provide stronger incentives than conventional (physical) regulation. In addition, a system of environmental taxes may also lead to increased...

In this chapter, a Strategic positioning analysis (SPA) is developed as a specific analytical approach consisting of a product portfolio analysis, a shift-share analysis and a diversification analysis. The SPA describes the performance of ports and traffic categories within ports in terms of...

The performance of a seaport can be assessed in strategic terms by means of portfolio analyses based on traffic volumes expressed in nominal tons. This article suggests that differences in the creation of value added among traffic categories can greatly contribute to such strategic assessment. A...