The neoliberal Washington Consensus dominated global policy making over the 1980s. Fundamental to this consensus were three theoretical and ideological tenets: that privatization and markets are a natural order and that this order is best achieved if the state economic role is limited. I argue...

In this paper, I reexamine the finding that the collectivization of agriculture in Eastern Europe resulted in its feminization. Using Bulgarian data, I find that, despite an increase in women's formal labor force participation, women remained concentrated in the least-mechanized, low-wage jobs....

The inattention to environmental problems in East European agriculture reflects assumptions that the problems result from central planning. We argue that the focus on economic systems undermines policy support for environmental sustainability in transforming economies. We examine the link...

According to the neo-liberal model, the high levels of unemployment and collapsing real wages of transition will reallocate labor to new activities. But whether and how households actually reallocate labor is the subject of growing debate. We use survey data from Bulgaria to develop a typology...

Survey data collected in Romania in 1991 describe emerging patterns of landholding and farming where the majority of rural households pool land and produce collectively in newly formed associations, rather than farm individually. This pattern appears to persist in 1992 and 1993. The decision to...

The economic liberalization which has occurred in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) over the past 15 years generally has involved establishing domestic markets and privatizing state-owned firms, both with the intention of integrating the CEE economies into the global economy and allowing the...

The economic liberalisation which has occurred in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) over the past 15 years has aimed at integrating markets into the global economy and realising the benefits of competition. This article examines a three-way pooled sample of annual data for 13 industry sectors in...

Over the past two decades decentralisation of government has been widely promoted by international development organisations. In former socialist economies, where governance had been extremely centralised, decentralisation seemed a way to build economic efficiency and improve public sector...