This paper develops an option-theoretic model of a retail lease. The standard retail lease contains provisions for a security deposit, a base rent, and a percentage rent or a sharing between landlord and tenant of rent revenue above a preset sales threshold or break point level. The findings...

This paper explores the profitability of real estate franchises. The database for the study consists of observations from the National Association of Realtors' 2001 survey of real estate brokerage firms. Franchises are found to generate additional revenue for franchisees. However, net margins...

Real estate markets remain localized and reflect differences by region. With a large number of brokerage firms and a smaller number of franchisors, a testable hypothesis is whether in equilibrium fees and royalties are equal to the additional return to the franchisee. If fees are set uniformly...

The positioning of a property along a given rent-vacancy signaling frontier depends on its ownership, branding, and quality. Confirmation of a separating equilibrium occurs if the quality from the branding, itself dependent on costly management decisions, results in rent differentials. For...

The consumption function for the U.S. economy is estimated with real estate and financial wealth for quarterly data for 1952:1-2001:4. An additional dollar of real estate wealth increases consumption by 8 cents in the current year, as compared with only 2 cents for financial wealth. The results...

This paper develops an equilibrium model of the commercial mortgage market that includes the sequence form commitment to origination and allows testing for differences by type of lender. From borrowers, loan demand is based on the income yield, capital gains, and expectations about return...

A number of facets of real estate brokerage have been examined over time in theoretical and empirical articles appearing in the literature. This article summarizes brokerage research and suggests avenues for future inquiry. In attempting to organize brokerage research, the research is classified...

Landlords fact unique concerns in maximizing profits when they accept subsidized as well as unsubsidized tenants. Subsidized tenants tend to reduce overall tenant quality and to impose higher operating costs. By accepting subsidies, landlords may also subject themselves to periodic site...

Sellers of houses signal their motivation or willingness to sell through price and contractual provisions in their listing agreements. A pricing strategy is for motivated sellers to set their listing prices at or below estimated market values as determined by the quality and other...

Many facets of real estate brokerage have been examined in studies appearing in the literature over the last several years. This review attempts to organize the research around six questions concerning the brokerage industry: (1) What is the nature of the market for brokerage services and how...