The Renminbi (RMB) is evaluated using relative PPP, absolute PPP, and Balassa-Samuelson criteria. We find that some approaches imply substantial undervaluation of the RMB, while others imply little or none. Yet a few others indicate slight overvaluation. However, even when the estimated degrees...

We examine whether the Chinese exchange rate is misaligned and how Chinese trade flows respond to the exchange rate and to economic activity. We find, first, that the Chinese currency, the renminbi (RMB), is substantially below the value predicted by estimates based upon a cross-country sample,...