Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH)-type models have been successively used to capture the conditional volatility of macroeconomic and financial time series in the past two decades. However, few diagnostic tests are specifically devised to check the adequacy of...

This paper uses time-varying second moments to investigate exchange rate exposure betas. Using a BEKK-GARCH(1,21)-M model, time-varying exchange rate exposure betas are obtained with explicit focus on the non-orthogonality between exchange rate changes and market returns. We look into certain...

This paper examines the adequacy of the exposure coefficient/beta in measuring the entire impact of exchange rate changes on firms' future operating cash flows. To this end, we investigate the presence of four elements of exchange rate exposure: (a) sensitivity of stock returns to exchange rate...

Most studies of exchange rate exposure of stock returns do not address three relevant aspects simultaneously. They are, namely: sensitivity of stock returns to exchange rate changes; sensitivity of volatility of stock returns to volatility of changes in foreign exchange market; and the...

This paper examines the conditional time-varying currency betas from five developed markets and four emerging markets. We employ BEKK multivariate GARCH models of Engle and Kroner (1995) to estimate the time-varying conditional variance and covariance of returns of stock index, the world market...

While many studies have examined the cost-containment aspect of Medical savings accounts (MSA), few have investigated the adequacy of MSA to finance the health care expenditure. This paper estimates the present value of lifetime healthcare expenses (PVHE) of the Singaporean male and female...

The unique way of financing housing through the mandatory savings system in Singapore has created a class of asset-rich and cash-poor Singaporeans. This paper provides a framework to assess the viability of a reverse mortgage (RM) market so that such instruments may be harnessed as a source of...

The public housing program and the unique way of financing housing through the mandatory savings system in Singapore have created a class of homeowners. This paper compares the instruments available to different flat owners to monetize their assets, including the Lease Buyback Scheme (LBS),...

Being geographically small, land scarcity poses a potential constraint for economic growth in Singapore. Restraining car ownership and car use through motor vehicle taxes is part of the land-transport policy to ensure smoother traffic flow. This paper analyses the use of motor vehicle taxes in...