This paper investigates the effect of monetary policy - especially unconventional monetary policy - on bank risk-taking behavior in Europe over the period 2000-2015. Using a dynamic panel model with a threshold effect, we estimate this effect on two measures of bank risk: the Distance to...

The rapid growth of barter is one of the most surprising phenomena in Russia: As a percentage of industrial sales it steadily increased from 5% in 1992 to nearly 55% in 1998. Unknown in CEEC's transition countries, barter is only one aspect of the Russian economy's demonetisation [process, along...

This article analysis diversity of growth path for the UE-27 countries, the other Eastern European countries which developed a partnership with UE like Ukraine or Russia, and for the Mediterranean countries (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Turkey) which signed the 1995 Barcelona agreements. The first...

Microfinance institutions (MFIs) target poor people, excluded from the banking system. By giving them starting capital, they should thus enable a greater number of women to create their own business, but also in sectors traditionally reserved for men due to the initial capital they require. Our...

CEECs are characterised by a significant presence of foreign banks and by a marked dependence upon financing from foreign bankers. We show that this situation leaves these countries open to two types of financial risk, which have grown throughout the present decade. The first relates to the...

This paper is a critical survey of the currency crisis literature. Theoretical and empirical analysis generally fail to anticipate currency crisis because of the complex nature of such crisis and because of the prevailing role of speculators. The main weakness of this research is its incapacity...