This article examines the political economy of foreign direct investment in the Russian oil and gas industry in order to explain the limited role of foreign capital in this sector. There are three forms of foreign direct investment in the Russian oil and gas industry: (1) joint ventures, (2)...

This working paper examines the recent changes in the Russian gas sector. The development of the sector is described and the important companies – such as Gazprom, Itera, Novatek, Northgas and the main gas producing oil companies (Surgutneftegas, TNK, Yukos, Lukoil) – are profiled....