The global market for agri-food products has been divided for a decade. The division arose over the approval of biotechnology-based innovations – with the European Union temporarily suspending approvals and imports until it could devise a new approval mechanism. Other countries chose between...

At the time, the negotiation of the SPS agreement was seen as a major accomplishment of the Uruguay Round. One of the first major tests of both the SPS and the WTO's new dispute settlement system was the long standing and acrimonious dispute between the EU and the US and Canada over trade in...

Harmonization of technical standards is often advocated as a means to remove technical barriers that reduce the welfare gains available from international trade. Organic standards are not currently harmonized internationally. If domestic organic standards reflect consumer tastes, and consumers...

While almost all of the investment in agricultural biotechnology to date has been in temperate crops suitable for developed countries, developing countries are the greatest potential beneficiaries of this major technological advance. To realise this potential requires investment in crops...