A PV stand alone system model is developed based on current–voltage characteristic of the modules and on a linear relation between the battery voltage and the SOC. The model was validated against experimental data of a 150 Wp stand alone system in Portugal and the performance yields of the...

The single effect basin type solar still has been for long the cheapest way to produce drinkable water from sea water using solar equipment (Howe and Tleimat, 1977). Nevertheless the operating efficiency is low, around 35 %, due mainly to the rejection to the atmosphere of the latent heat of...