An example is given to show that the necessary conditions of Theorem 4.5 [in Chen et al. Math Methods Oper Res 49:239–253, 1999] and Theorem 2.1 (i) [in Goh and Yang Eur J Oper Res 116:615–628, 1999] for (weak) vector equilibrium flows may not hold. New ξ-equilibrium and parametric...

This paper uses data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) questionnaire (2000) from four provinces that have a large number of migrant workers—Guizhou, Guangxi, Hubei, and Henan (16 counties with 96 villages). We clarify the characteristics of non-agricultural workers and migrants...

Immersion and electrochemical tests have been applied to study corrosion protection of AZ91D Mg alloy coating with chrome-free chemical conversion (CCC) coat in 5wt% NaCl solution. The immersions tests include weight-loss measurements after full or partial immersion with whole coating and full...

This paper describes the preliminary results of corrosion protection of AZ91D Mg alloy coated with a micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coating. The corrosion behavior of coated substrates was evaluated by means of immersion and electrochemical tests in 5 wt.% NaCl solution. The immersions tests include...

The carbon emission embodied in trade is fundamental for allocation of responsibility between producers and consumers. This paper quantitatively analyzes embodied carbon emissions along the life cycle of electricity supply, based on network theory. A modified carbon emission flow model is...

Based on data collected from 286 Chinese companies, this paper analyses the key issues in information system management in Mainland China. By ranking the individual issues and comparing them with the results of an earlier study, our findings reveal that while the top three critical issues remain...

The cumulative distribution of trading volume is investigated for Chinese stocks. Different from the power-law scaling of mature markets, the distribution is well fitted by a stretched exponential function f(x)∼e−αxγ. With the autocorrelation function and the detrended fluctuation...