"Related instruction" in school, for several hours each week, is required by most apprenticeship programs in the United States. A northern California study suggests that apprentices by and large have little desire to return to formal classroom education, and they feel that many of the subjects...

Two conflicting trends are at work in Human Resources Management. On the one hand there is a growing trend toward high commitment policies designed to develop broadly trained employees who identify with their organization and who are prepared and trusted to exercize high orders of discretion....