This paper examines the trade-off between the length of treatment days and the units of service provided per day for elderly patients in the context of the initiative taken by the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan to discourage lengthy hospital treatment and/or stay by elderly patients. By...

This paper examines how class closures affect the academic achievements of Japanese students in primary and middle schools, with a special focus on the heterogeneous effects of the socioeconomic backgrounds of students' households. Utilizing the administrative data of students from a city in the...

We examine how pay-for-performance (P4P) affects long-term care (LTC), exploiting a natural experiment in Japan. Matched user/care manager/provider data are used to observe care managers' referral decisions. Care managers/providers can vertically integrate, and P4P creates new incentives for...